Transformer oil or insulating oil is an oil that is stable at high temperatures and has excellent electrical insulating properties. It is used in oil-filled transformers, some types of high-voltage capacitors, fluorescent lamp ballasts, and some types of high-voltage switches and circuit breakers. Its functions are to insulate, suppress corona discharge and arcing, and to serve as a coolant.
Transformer oil is most often based on mineral oil, but alternative formulations with better engineering or environmental properties are growing in popularity.
Transformer oil's primary functions are to insulate and cool a transformer. It must therefore have high dielectric strength, thermal conductivity, and chemical stability, and must keep these properties when held at high temperatures for extended periods.[1] Typical specifications are: flash point 140 °C or greater, pour point −30 °C or lower, dielectric breakdown voltage 28 kV (RMS) or greater.[2]
Mineral oil is generally effective as a transformer oil, but it has some serious disadvantages, of which the worst is its high flammability. If a transformer leaks mineral oil, it can easily start a fire. Fire codes often require that transformers inside buildings use a less flammable liquid, or the use of dry-type transformers with no liquid at all. Mineral oil is also an environmental contaminant, and its insulating properties are rapidly degraded by even small amounts of water.
General electrical & physical tests:
- Color & Appearance
- Breakdown Voltage
- Water Content
- Acidity (Neutralization Value)
- Dielectric Dissipation Factor
- Resistivity
- Sediments & Sludge
- Flash Point
- Pour Point
- Density
- Kinematic Viscosity
Which grade of mineral oil is used in transformers as transformer oil?
There are various grades of mineral oils such as : light(sn70), medium(sn150) and heavy(sn500) mineral oil or naphtenic and paraffinic minearl oil. Which grade of mineral oil is known as standard transformer oil?
The answer is : 65NHVI / white oil is used.napthenic. having viscosity from 9-12cSt @40°C. with pour as low as -30°C
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